Woodcut

I had find many products about wooden knife block from some websites such as









And you can see more from
stainless steel link
boss cuff link
nail shinning block
designer cuff link
golf clubs shafts
aims composite gratings
and precision castings
fittings / flanges
xxxxx parts. forging


For the origins of the technique, development in Asia, and non-artistic use in Europe, see woodblock printing; for the related technique invented in the 18th century, see wood engraving.



Four horsemen of the Apocalypse by Albrecht Der

Woodcut - formally known as Xylography - is a relief printing artistic technique in printmaking in which an image is carved into the surface of a block of wood, with the printing parts remaining level with the surface while the non-printing parts are removed, typically with gouges. The areas to show 'white' are cut away with a knife or chisel, leaving the characters or image to show in 'black' at the original surface level. The block is cut along the grain of the wood (unlike wood engraving where the block is cut in the end-grain). In Europe beechwood was most commonly used; in Japan, a special type of cherry wood was used.

The surface is covered with ink by rolling over the surface with an ink-covered roller (brayer), leaving ink upon the flat surface but not in the non-printing areas.

Multiple colors can be printed by keying the paper to a frame around the woodblocks (where a different block is used for each color). The art of carving the woodcut can be called "xylography", but this is rarely used in English for images alone, although that and "xylographic" are used in connection with blockbooks, which contain text.

Contents

1 Division of labour

2 Methods of printing

3 History

4 White-line woodcut

5 Japonisme

6 Colour

6.1 Gallery of Asian woodcuts

7 Chiaroscuro woodcuts

8 Modern variant

9 Examples

10 Artists

11 See also

12 References

13 External links


//


Division of labour



Block-cutter at work. woodcut by Jost Amman 1568

In both Europe and Japan, traditionally the artist only designed the woodcut, and the block-carving was left to specialist craftsmen, called block-cutters, or formschneider in Germany, some of whom became well-known in their own right - among the best known are the 16th century Hieronymus Andreae (who also used "Formschneider" as his surname), Hans Lzelburger and Jost de Negker, all of whom ran workshops and also operated as printers and publishers. The formschneider in turn handed the block on to specialist printers. There were further specialists who made the blank blocks.

There were various methods of transferring the artist's drawn design onto the block for the cutter to follow. Either the drawing would be made directly onto the block (often whitened first), or a drawing on paper was glued to the block. Either way, the artist's drawing was destroyed during the cutting process. Other methods were used, including tracing.

This is why woodcuts are sometimes described by museums or books as "designed by" rather than "by" an artist; but most authorities do not use this distinction. The division of labour had the advantage that a trained artist could adapt to the medium relatively easily, without needing to learn the use of woodworking tools.

In both Europe and Japan, in the early twentieth century some artists began to do the whole process themselves. In Japan, this movement was called S?saku hanga, as opposed to the Shin hanga movement, which retained the traditional methods. In the West, many artists used the easier technique of linocut instead.

Methods of printing

Compared to intaglio techniques like etching and engraving, only low pressure is required to print. As a relief method, it is only necessary to ink the block and bring it into firm and even contact with the paper or cloth to achieve an acceptable print.

There are three methods of printing to consider:

Stamping: Used for many fabrics and most early European woodcuts (1400-40). These were printed by putting the paper/fabric on a table or other flat surface with the block on top, & pressing or hammering the back of the block

Rubbing: Apparently the most common method for Far Eastern printing on paper at all times. Used for European woodcuts and block-books later in the fifteenth century, and very widely for cloth. Also used for many Western woodcuts from about 1910 to the present. The block goes face up on a table, with the paper or fabric on top. The back is rubbed with a "hard pad, a flat piece of wood, a burnisher, or a leather frotton".[1] A modern tool used for this is called a baren. Later in Japan, complex wooden mechanisms were used to help hold the woodblock perfectly still and to apply proper pressure in the printing process. This was especially helpful once multiple colors began to be introduced, and needed to be applied with precision atop previous ink layers.

Printing in a press: presses only seem to have been used in Asia in relatively recent times. Printing-presses were used from about 1480 for European prints and block-books, and before that for...(and so on)

You can also see some feature products :

cast iron spear
high integrity castings
mild steel flange
micro precision machining
premier die casting
plastic pump link
steel street bollards
Cast Iron Post
fuel injectro sleeves
mlb short sleeves
aluminum sand casting
solid wooden stairs
transmission housing castings
charcot Marie Tooth
wooden key chian
aluminum alloy casting
baby catalog request
excavator bucket teeth
airplane cuff link
heavy equipment part
promotional cuff link