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An ice resurfacer is a truck-like vehicle or smaller device used to clean and smooth the surface of an ice rink, originally developed by Frank J. Zamboni in 1949 in the city of Paramount, California. Frank J. Zamboni & Co, Inc. and other companies manufacture ice resurfacing machines. Zamboni is a federally (U.S.) and internationally registered trademark, though the term is often used as a generic colloquialism for ice resurfacing vehicles.

Contents

1 Technology

2 Ice edgers

3 Zamboni trademark

3.1 Competition

4 Cultural references

5 References

6 External links

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Technology

An ice resurfacer lays down a layer of clean water, which will freeze to form a smooth ice surface.

Ice resurfacer

The heart of an ice resurfacer is the conditioner, a large device dragged behind the vehicle. A large, very sharp blade, similar to those used in industrial paper cutters, shaves the surface off the ice, and an auger in front of the blade sweeps the shavings to the center of the conditioner, where a second auger (or, in early models, a paddle-and-chain conveyor) picks them up. Behind the blade, wash water is often sprayed on the ice by nozzles at either end of the conditioner. This wash water is confined inside the conditioner by the runners on either end and a rubber squeegee at the rear of the conditioner, picked up by a vacuum nozzle to be filtered through a screen, and recirculated. This washing process removes any foreign material that might otherwise become embedded in the ice surface. At the rear of the conditioner, a sprinkler pipe wets a cloth towel that lays down clean water to fill the residual grooves and form a new ice surface. Hot water (140 to 160, 60) is frequently used where available because it melts and smoothes the rough top layer to create a flat, smooth ice surface. This water in many rinks is filtered and treated before being heated to remove any residual minerals and chemicals in the water. These chemicals and minerals would otherwise make the ice brittle or soft, give it pungent odours, or make it cloudy.

The rest of the machine exists to support the conditioner. An engine or electric motor provides propulsion (four-wheel drive with carbide-tipped tire studs) and hydraulic power. The main tank holds clean water for making new ice. The wash tank holds a supply of water for the optional wash function. The dump tank holds the shaved ice picked up by the augers. The conditioner and dump tank are raised and lowered by hydraulic lifts, while the augers are powered by hydraulic motors.

Most ice resurfacers run on natural gas, propane or electric power, or less commonly on gasoline.

Many ice resurfacers are fitted with a board brush, a rotary brush powered by a hydraulic motor, extended and retracted on the left side of the machine on a hydraulic arm. The brush sweeps accumulated bits of loose ice along the kick plates below the dasher boards of the rink into the conditioner. The use of a board brush can dramatically reduce the need for edging of the rink.

Smaller scale devices and vehicles classified as ice resurfacers are all designed to provide a smooth ice surface similar to that of a traditional resurfacer but in a small form factor and a much lower cost than a Zamboni machine or similar machine. These smaller vehicles can be classified into devices that are self propelled and devices that are manipulated by hand. Self propelled vehicles typically incorporate the elements of a Zamboni machine including an ice cutting blade and water tank but on a smaller scale and usually based upon a ATV or golf cart vehicle such as the Jimbini Ice Rink Resurfacer . The other group of ice resurfacers are usually designed to distribute an even layer of water while evening the rink surface with a device in a handheld form factor such as the Texahoma Ice resurfacer. These devices are pushed along the ice and create an even layer of smooth ice similar to a Zamboni but at a cost suitable for home use.

Ice edgers

The ice around the edges has a tendency to build up as the conditioner blade does not fully extend to the outer edges of the conditioner and it is unwise to "ride" (drive while touching) the dasherboards. An ice edger, a device similar to a rotary lawn mower, is used to cut down the edges of the ice surface that the ice resurfacer cannot cut. An ice edger does not alleviate ice that has an overall bowl or mushroom shape.

Zamboni trademark

Frank J. Zamboni & Co., Inc. takes a strong stance against the Zamboni name being used as a genericized trademark for ice resurfacers. On August 15, 2000, Frank J. Zamboni & Co, Inc. was awarded a registered trademark on the design and configuration of the Zamboni Ice Resurfacer by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.[citation needed]

Competition

Five NHL arenas out of thirty use Zamboni's...(and so on)